With so much travel/tourism data to collect, analyze and act on, industry players need a solid grounding in ethical data science
According to a recent report on travel trends in 2023, the Asia Pacific region is home to 10 trending tourism destinations — measured and ranked by the change in share of tourism transactions involving MasterCard services (and other “third-party data”) over 12 months ending March 2024.
Some highlights of the data trends include Chinese tourists prioritizing domestic trips over international ones; more Indian tourists traveling internationally than at any time in their history; and consumers in the period of analysis prioritizing experiences and nightlife activities over material goods — more than ever before in the report’s five-year history.
Reports such as this, while useful in some ways,are parochial,in that the sample populationbeing analyzedpredominantly belong to certain customers, stakeholders or supply chains of the entities that commission the surveys. Within the realm of statistics and data science, the information may contain inherent premises/biases and time-dependent or freak trends (such a revenge travel, transient economic phenomena) that, when taken as whole, may not always project a true picture of long-term reality.
Using data science in travel analysis
So, while players in the travel and tourism industries have their own internal sources of neutral and agnostic market data, they can also access and assess various surveys and reports from payment vendors and financial institutions. With such a wide range of data to cross-reference, counter-check and verify against anecdotal and empirical findings on the ground, how can the industry tread the avalanche of data with care when using it to plan and strategize for the future of travel? What if another pandemic or black swan event descends upon the industry? Are businesses in the travel industry arming themselves now for resilience and “pivotability” (i.e., the ability to pivot quickly in long-term crises) using the trustable data gained since the outgoing COVID-19 pandemic?
Follow the key principles of data science:
-
Data integration and cross-referencing
- Combine multiple data sources: Integrate internal data with external sources such as reports from payment vendors, financial institutions, and market research firms. This provides a more holistic view and mitigates biases inherent in single sources.
- Cross-referencing all relevant data: Compare trends across various data sets to identify consistent patterns and discrepancies. This can help verify the validity of findings and reveal underlying biases. Such cross-validation can include triangulation, comparative analyses, and statistical testing such as regression analysis, ANOVA, and chi-squared tests.
- Peer analysis: In formal academic settings and use cases, all data, reports, and studies should be peer-reviewed by independent travel analysts, industry academics, and data scientists for comments and critique.
-
Advanced analytics techniques
- ML algorithms: Use machine learning to analyze large datasets and uncover hidden patterns and correlations that may not be evident through traditional analysis.
- Sentiment analysis: Implement sentiment analysis on social media and review sites to gauge traveler opinions and preferences, providing real-time insights into consumer behavior.
-
Bias detection and mitigation
- Bias audits:Regularly conduct audits of data sources to identify and understand potential biases. This includes evaluating the demographics of surveyed populations and the detailed methodology used for data collection. In an era where AI is increasingly involved in data analytics, while the data may not contain biases, the algorithms and training of the AI engine may introduce biases. This is where ethical/responsible AI must be mandated to build long-term trust at all levels of industry.
- Weighted analysis: Apply statistical techniques to apply weight to data, ensuring that underrepresented groups and other esoteric trends in a sample cohort are adequately considered in the analyses.
-
Scenario planning and predictive modeling
- Predictive analytics: Develop predictive models to forecast future travel trends based on historical data and current market conditions. This allows for proactive rather than reactive strategy development.
- Scenario analysis: Use scenario planning to explore different future possibilities and their potential impacts on the travel industry. This helps in preparing for various contingencies.
-
Focus on qualitative insights
- Qualitative research: Complement quantitative data with qualitative insights from commissioned or third-party focus groups, interviews, and ethnographic studies to capture a deeper understanding of traveler motivations and experiences.
- Expert consultations: Engage with relevant industry experts and stakeholders to interpret data findings and provide context that purely data-driven approaches may miss.
- Listen to the ground: Businesses have their own suppliers and intelligence networks on the ground that may either disagree with certain statistics being taken by faith as the “ single source of truth.” However, when real-life testimonies by a large-enough group of staff, customers, and suppliers on the ground dispute certain trends being touted by so-called “studies” and “surveys”. Which sources of market intelligence (of relevance to your business planning needs) should you weigh more? Understand the psychology of anecdotal evidence testimony; the importance of training ground intelligence sources on credible evidence gathering; and the increasingly common abuse/misuse of scientific methods here, here, here, and here.
-
Ethical and transparent data practices
- Data privacy: Ensure compliance with data privacy regulations and maintain transparency with customers about how their data is used. This builds trust and encourages data sharing.
- Transparent methodologies: Clearly communicate the methodologies used in data collection and analysis. This includes acknowledging limitations and potential biases.
-
Continuous monitoring and adaptation
- Real-time analytics: Implement systems for real-time data monitoring to quickly adapt to emerging trends and changes in consumer behavior.
- Feedback loops: Create feedback loops where data insights are continuously updated and strategies are adjusted accordingly.
Benefits of sound data science
While the best practices listed above involve more time and effort, business owners need to bear in mind that we are in an era of unprecedented data manipulation, techno-solutionism, social engineering, ideological and cyber warfare, lowest-ever trust in mass media, and easy access by corporations to misuse AI for massaging and manipulating data casually just to gain an edge over competitors.
By systematically applying best practices for unbiased data analysis, travel businesses can operate with greater trust on their own ground intelligence to enhance operational efficiency, tailor offerings to customer needs quickly, and make strategic decisions that foster long-term growth and customer loyalty.
Data-driven insights, when sanitized, audited and monitored for reliability, can enable travel businesses to stay agile and competitive in a rapidly evolving market, ensuring they meet and exceed customer expectations.